Aspect: Difference between revisions
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== Natural language == | == Natural language == | ||
In | In the UNLarium, the attribute aspect may assume the following values: | ||
{{#tree:id=nl_tense|openlevels=0|root=Aspect (ASP)| | |||
*perfective (PFC): completed | |||
**experiential perfect aspect (EXP) | |||
**perfect of persistent situation (PSS) | |||
**perfect of recent past (PRP) | |||
**perfect of result (RES) | |||
*imperfective (NPFC): uncompleted | |||
**continuative (CTN): continuous | |||
***progressive (PGS): ongoing | |||
**habitual (HAB): habitual | |||
**iterative (ITE): repetition | |||
*prospective (PPT): imminent | |||
*inceptive (ICP): beginning | |||
*terminative (TER): cessation | |||
}} | |||
;Aspect is represented only when grammaticalized: | |||
:It sparkled = perfective (and not iterative) | |||
;Aspect values may be combined through "&": | |||
:I am eating = progressive (PGS) | |||
:I have eaten = perfective of persistent situation (PSS) | |||
:I have been eating = PGS&PSS | |||
=== Examples === | |||
List of verb forms: | |||
*[[English grammar#Verb forms|English verb forms]] | |||
*[[French grammar#Verb forms|French verb forms]] | |||
== UNL == | == UNL == | ||
| Line 38: | Line 69: | ||
List of verb forms: | List of verb forms: | ||
*[[English grammar# | *[[English grammar#Verb forms|English verb forms]] | ||
*[[French grammar# | *[[French grammar#Verb forms|French verb forms]] | ||
Revision as of 16:59, 15 January 2010
Aspect is a category used to indicate the temporal internal structure of an event.
Natural language
In the UNLarium, the attribute aspect may assume the following values:
{{#tree:id=nl_tense|openlevels=0|root=Aspect (ASP)|
- perfective (PFC): completed
- experiential perfect aspect (EXP)
- perfect of persistent situation (PSS)
- perfect of recent past (PRP)
- perfect of result (RES)
- imperfective (NPFC): uncompleted
- continuative (CTN): continuous
- progressive (PGS): ongoing
- habitual (HAB): habitual
- iterative (ITE): repetition
- continuative (CTN): continuous
- prospective (PPT): imminent
- inceptive (ICP): beginning
- terminative (TER): cessation
}}
- Aspect is represented only when grammaticalized
- It sparkled = perfective (and not iterative)
- Aspect values may be combined through "&"
- I am eating = progressive (PGS)
- I have eaten = perfective of persistent situation (PSS)
- I have been eating = PGS&PSS
Examples
List of verb forms:
UNL
In UNL, aspect is to be represented by attributes indicating the temporal internal structure of the event.
{{#tree:id=unl_aspect|openlevels=0|root=Aspect|
- @continuative: continuous
- @experiential: experience
- @habitual: habitual
- @imperfective: uncompleted
- @inceptive: beginning
- @iterative: repetition
- @perfective: completed
- @progressive: ongoing
- @prospective: imminent
- @terminative: cessation
}}
- Aspect values may be combined.
- I start to eat = eat.@inceptive
- I'm starting to eat = eat.@inceptive.@progressive
Examples
- @continuative: I'm still eating the apple.
- @experiential: I have already eaten an apple
- @habitual: I eat apples.
- @imperfective: I was eating the apple (when she came).
- @inceptive: I start eating the apple.
- @iterative: I ate and ate the apple.
- @perfective: I ate the apple.
- @progressive: I'm eating the apple.
- @prospective: I'm about to eat the apple.
- @terminative: I finished eating the apple.
List of verb forms:
